High blood pressure or hypertension is the amount of power that blood is applied to the walls of the arteries when flowing on them.If a person has high blood pressure, then the walls of the arteries are too high.
Increased blood pressure is a very common disease and especially in women 40 years of age.
This disease manifests itself very slowly.At first, one has weakness, poor sleep and dizziness.Then comes rapid fatigue, a tide of blood to the head, the fingers tingle, and small "flies" glow in front of the eyes.
The causes of the development of the disease
What are the causes of hypertension?The factors have not yet been fully studied, which contribute to the increase in blood pressure in both children and adults.The following reasons can now be distinguished:
- Emotional overvoltage, stress;
- age;
- alcohol and smoking;
- A sedentary lifestyle;
- consumption in large quantities of salty food and in small liquids;
- Diabetes sugar;
- kidney disease;
- Excess weight;
- The use of some medicines (such as blood pressure in women increases when taking contraceptives);
- Hereditary factors.
Symptoms
In recent years, hypertension has been much younger.In the case of constant stress, neurosis, inactive life, smoking, this disease affects young people and even children.
For high pressure, the symptoms are as follows:
- fatigue;
- headache;
- heart pain;
- Hypertensive crisis.
Consider each of the symptoms presented more detailed.
Overwork
The first signal that you have high blood pressure indicators is a condition that resembles fatigue or a mild cold.The following symptoms occur:
- defined irritability,
- daytime
- Disorders of sleep at night
- The inability will focus
- Redness of the eyeballs.
Most people do not take similar events seriously, though completely in vain.In fact, if blood pressure at rest is in adult 140/90 mm Hg.Art.And in children 120/90 mm RT.Art.And there is also a tendency for a subsequent increase, we can argue for a mild form of hypertension.
All men whose age exceeds 40 years (according to statistics, the development of hypertension in men is several times more frequent than in women), as well as people who are at risk (suffering from overweight, diabetics) are necessary to perform regular blood pressure measurement.
Headache
When there is a more development of the disease, then a headache of pain, as well as compressive nature, begins to appear in hypertension.Along with this symptom, the dangers can diagnose a change in eye day and the presence of atrophic processes in the retina.
The manifestations presented may indicate that there is increased intraocular pressure.Such a disorder can be a signal for serious visual diseases.
When at rest, blood pressure in adults is 160/100 mm Hg.Article, and for children 130/100 mm Hg.Art., Then you should urgently go to a cardiologist and take special antihypertensive drugs.Such blood pressure indicators are dangerous to health.
Heart pain in the heart
In combination with headaches, patients with high pressure complain of pain attacks on the left side of the chest.The pain presented can give in the left hand and break the rhythm of the heart.
The symptoms presented may indicate that elevated blood pressure contributes to the formation of pathological changes in the coronary arteries and the muscle of the heart.This should be included:
- coronary heart disease,
- Angina pectoris;
- Increasing the left ventricle, accompanied by a decrease in heart production and the formation of heart failure.
In the case of timely treatment of high pressure, the pathological processes in the heart are reversible, but the patient should lead a healthy lifestyle and take antihypertensive drugs.
Hypertension
When hypertension occurs in the patient in medium and severe forms (blood pressure in adults reaches 160/100 mm Hg and hypertensive crises are formed in children 130/100 mm Hg) in children.They occur due to a significant increase in pressure, unlike usual.
Symptoms of intracranial pressure
What signs are observed in a person with high intracranial pressure?First, you should understand that intracranial pressure is an excess or lack of cerebrospinal fluid in a particular part of the skull formed by a disorder of its circulation.
Increased symptoms of intracranial pressure in adults are as follows:
- deterioration in lateral and central vision;
- Favorable vision, "fog in the eyes";
- swelling of the eyelids, face;
- tinnitus, hearing loss;
- Frequent headache, gradually acquiring a permanent character;
- Pain attacks in the upper cervical vertebra, spinal cord;
- Rapid fatigue, feeling of weakness.
Signs of intracranial pressure in children are the following
- In newborns, there is an enlargement of the seams, the size of the head increases more quickly than the size of the body, the protruding Fontanel, the appearance of strabismus.
- In children from pre -school and school age, headache, strabismus, lethargy, fatigue, irritability, high sensitivity to bright lighting is observed.
Therapy
Treatment of high pressure in both adults and children is reduced to reduce all the factors that cause this condition:
- reducing excess weight;
- Observing normal daily routine, good sleep;
- adherence to proper nutrition, reducing salt consumption;
- Optimal drinking mode;
- ban on tobacco, alcohol;
The use of certain medicines is a must for the treatment of high pressure.The prescription of the drug, its dose should only be performed by an experienced specialist and depends on the symptoms of the disease.
It is not possible to completely cure hypertension, but to fit the right lifestyle and apply all the recipes of doctors in hypertension, to improve well and it will be able to live a normal full life.
Increased intraocular pressure can only be cured surgically.In order to maintain the patient's normal condition, he is prescribed diuretics and drugs that improve metabolic and hematopoietic processes.
Complications
According to doctors, people suffering from hypertension are most spilled to arteriosclerosis.Therefore, they most often have a stroke and a heart attack.In the case of high pressure, both in children and in adults, the limb may occur as normal blood supply to the legs is impaired.
The main problem of all consequences is the pressure on the heart, which results in an increased load.In this disease, the heart is not able to cope with the increased load, so that a small and large circle of circulation is impaired.As a result, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, swelling of the limbs occurs.The complications presented are the cause of death.
The next dangerous consequence of hypertension is brain complications.When increased pressure is observed in a person for a long period, then spot hemorrhages appear in the vessels of the retina.Such consequences lead to a disruption of blood supply, which causes degeneration and retinopathy.All this contributes to the eclipse of vision and blindness.
Preventive measures
If there is hereditary hypertension, then you need to continuously control your well -being and measure the pressure over time.In addition, this is necessary:
- Observe proper nutrition,
- Reduce salt intake,
- Refuse alcohol,
- Lead an active healthy lifestyle,
- Do not undergo stressful situations.
Hypertension is a very dangerous disease.Despite the fact that the high pressure most often affects not only women after forty, this condition is characteristic of men and even children.Therefore, you do not need to think that repeatedly increasing pressure is the norm.When the symptoms described above appear, you should urgently consult a cardiologist.